Flying-machine.



M. J. MUSTONEN.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.17, 1914.

1,1 30,6g3, Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

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M. J. MUSTONEN.

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FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.17, 1914. I

Patented M21112, 1915.

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M. J. MUSTONEN.

FLYING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.17, 1914.

Patented M21112, 1915.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

, flasfme/z M. J MUSTONEN. PLYIN G MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED APR.17, 1914. 1,1 30,623. Patented M212, 1915.

6 SHEETS-SHEET E mmmeom ML J. MUSTONEN.

FLYING MACHINE. APPLIOATION FILED APR.17, 1914.

Patented Mar. '2; 1915.

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M M M mrrs'ucon musronnn, or \NEWBERRY, MICHIGAN.

FLYING-MACEINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

Application filed April 17, 1914. Serial No. 832,624.

To all whom it may) concern: I Be it known that I, MATTS JACOB MUs- 'TONEN, a citizen of the United States, re-

siding at Newberry, in the county of Luce and State of Michigan, have invented new and useful Improvements in F lying-Machines, of which the following is a specification. 4

My invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in flying machines and its object is to provide a flying machine, in conjunction with other features, is designed to include a body partitioned to form one or more UOll'llMlltlIlGDtS .capable of being exhausted of air or filled with gas lighter than air to secure the added buoying or lifting effect secured by the provision of a vacuum and consequent displacement of air weight or the use of a suitable buoying gas.

A further object of the invention is to provide a flying machine which is capable of travel upon the surface of a body of wa-,

ter and of being launched from and of alighting upon land or water; which is adapted to hover in the air over any given point, and of ascending or descending either in a direct vertical pathor in an inclined plane and of being controlled in its vertical descent as desired; which is adapted to be ballasted for water travel in a novel and efiicientmanner; and which embodies features of' construction giving great lifting capacity and speed, ease of control and general. efiiciency.

With the above and other objects in view, the invention consists of the features of construction, combination and arrangement of parts herein fully described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a front elevation of a flying machine embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the machine. Fig; 4 is a vertical longitudinal section thereof. Fig.-

5 is a vertical transverse section. Fig. 6 is a sectional plan view showing the drive gearing andcontrolling device. Fig. 7 is a fragmentary top plan view showing a modified propelling system. Fig. 8 is a view of the gearing thereof. Fig. 9 is a view showing a modified arrangement of lifting propellers. Fig. 10 is. a side elevation showing a different form of body. Fig. 11 is a longitudinal section thereof. Fig. 12 is a transverse section thereof.

In carrying my invention into practice, I provide a body or car 1, preferably of streamline contour, which body or car is hollow throughout its length and constructedof a framework and sheathing of suitable materials possessing lightness, strength and durability. The car is preferably formed with a suitable hydroplane base or surface 2, adapting it to alight upon, tra "a l on and rise from a body of water, and may also be provided with'suitably cushioned launching and landing wheels 3 and skids 4, rendering it capable of being launched from and land- 'ed upon the ground in the usual manner.

Carried by the body is a supporting surface 5, which may be of the monoplane, bi-

planeor other suitable type, a biplane sur face being shown in the present instance.

In accordance with my invention the interior of the hollow body or earl is subdivided by suitable partitions 6 to provide a compartment or cock pit 7 for occupancy by the aviator and passengers, if any, and within which are arranged the controlling devices, employed, said compartment also serving as an inclosure for a motor 8. The remainder of the body is divided by the said partitions into hermetically sealed chambers 9 and a bottom chamber or compartment 10. The car or body is designed to be rendered superbuoyant by either res I lieving the same of the weight of the air by exhausting air from the compartments 9 to forma vacuum therein, or by filling said compartments with hydrogen or other gas lighter than air, the air being. exhausted or the gas introduced through suitable valved passages 11. Thecompartment 10 may, under; ordinary conditions; also be exhausted of air or filled with a buoyant gas and is designed in practice to serve as a ballasting chamber, allowing the'machine to be weighted as required in water travel, to regulate or vary the amount of water displaced thereby and the depth of submergence of the base of the car or body. To this 1 end, the sides of the body are provided with apertures 12 governed by gates or doors 13 adjustably mounted for movement to positions to control said apertures for the admission of water or discharge of the same. Connections 14 couple said gates or doors whereby t with an operating'or controllingdevice 15 e doors 'nay be adjusted. For the purpose of discharging the water-taken chain 18 with the "shaft 19 of the motor 8, I

whereby said pump may be driven when} ever desired from the motor. The sprocket gear on the shaft 19 engaged'by' the chain ---18 is loosely mounted on the shaft and whereby adaptedto be coupled thereto nd uncoupled therefrom by: means of a '-suit ble clutch 20 adjustable by meansof a control member 21, the clutch may bethrown into and out of action. v The supporting surface 5 may be of any suitable area and lifting'capacity and operates in conjunction with the superbuoyant body l-to give the machine a hi h degree of lifting and carrying capacity. or the purpose of driving the machine in straightaway flight,.I provide upon the -shaft 19 at the tail end of the machine a driving propeller 22, and for the purpose of starting and stabilizing the machine and sta provide at the rear end of the body a rizontal rudder 23 and I vertical rudder 24, coupled by suitable connections to control devices 25 and 26 wlthin Y the com artment 7, by which said rudders may heghonveniently adjusted for starting 7 ilizing actions. Arranged at the sides of the car or body 1 are supporting brackets 27 .in which are journaled vertical shafts 28 carrying lifting and stabilizing propellers .29, which, inithe 7 organization shown, are disposed between v the superposed wings of the supporting sur-c face 5. The shafts 28 are in gear with horizontal shafts 30 driven by chains 31' from the motor 8,the sprocket wheels on the shaft 19 around 'which the chains 31 pass are loosely mounted on said shaft and are adapted to be coupled to and uncoupled from the shaft by the clutch devices 32 independently j adjustable by control devices-33, bywhich the propellers 29 may be simultaneouslyyin- Q dependently thrown into orout cf action for lifting and stabilizing operations. It

a will be evident that the propellers 29 may,

be employed in operation to lift the machine directly from the ground or water into the air, or. employed in conjunction with the propeller 22 to launch the machine in the ordinary way, in which action the lifting.

motion of the propellers 29 reduce to a material degree the length of running start required' forthe launching motioh, and it will be-also understood that by; means of these 5 pro llers the machine may be supported Y Y causedto'hover in the air over any given point or allowed to descend Slowly in a straight vertical path, the machine thus being adapted to ascend or descend directlyor 2. A

.in the spirit and scope -I claim infan inclined as, as desired] 3 also operating the propellers'29 indepen entl the said propellers may be employed asbalancing devices in an obviousfman- 1"i' Y launched and controlled in'*a' much more ready, convenie andeflicient mannerthan' the machines of )ordinary construction in y It will be evident fromgthefor'egloing dc:

scription that he; invention provi es a lily: mg machine WhlCh is capable of ,bemg.

common use, and that it embodies novel and" improved means for increasing its lifting capacity as well as its efliciency in water operations andlaufncln'ng and-ali hting actrons. Furthermoreflt will be evldent that 4 the invention provides a machine which may be made structurally heavier and stronger than ordinary machines, or which with the 1 same weight and aerial surfaces will have greater lifting capacity than machines of the ordinary type, ,since thesuperbuoyant body increases the buoyancy'and flotation v capacity of the machine. In some cases, I

may provide a pairof rear driving propel; lers 34 arranged on opposite sides of\the lonchains 35 or other suitable'gearin from the 'gitudinal center of the body and :driven by motor shaft '19,:15 shown in Figs; 8 and 9,

and as also shown in these views I-may provide a second or'auxilia'ry set of lifting and action. The construction ofthe body or car may also bevaried, as shownin Figs. 10, 11 and 1 2, in which I have shown a car 37 which is substantially ci ar-shaped or of a shape conforming approximately. to the bodies of air and the shapes of thedirigible bal- Wholly on] the interior "thereof and'reach .100]: type; In this case' the'body- 37 may have the'pilots compartment 38 arranged from the exterior through a door or passage 39, and the sides of said compartment may the front'with observation openings 41 al- 'lowing .the .pilot to see ahead These, and

other ke modifications ar eld to fall withmy i nyention.

be provided-with suitable port holes 40 and a 1; A flym'g machine including a bodyhaving 'a supporting and suitable steering gear,

said body being, partitioned to provide a pilots compartment, buoying compartments and a bottom ballasting compartment, a motor within the bod propelling means driven thereby, a pump or exhausting water from the ballasting compartment, means for driving said pump from the. motor, lifting and stabilizing propellers, and means for driv ing the same from the motor.

fiying'machine including a body hav ing a supporting surface anti suitable steer- I in gear, said body being partitioned to provi e a pilots compartment, .buoying compartments having valved passages and a bottom ballasting compartment having inlet and exit apertures, gates controlling said apertures, and operating means for opening and closing the gates, a motor within the body, propelling means driven thereby, a

0 pump for exhausting water from the ballasting compartment, means for dri said pump from the motor, lifting and sta ifizing propellers, and means for driving the same from the motor. a

In testimony whereof I aflix-my signature inpresence of two witnesses.

MATTS JACOB MUSTONEN.

Witnesses: 4 r

- A. L. SAYLEs, J. L. Fnownn. 

